#source/youtube#human-behaviorism#robert-sapolsky
language is about cognition. gk harus suara.
we vs animal
we have infinite amount of kalimat seng isa kita bikin.
animal mostly talk about emotion. i am angry, i am sad. kalo human, kita isa bicara tentang masa lalu, masa depan.
we can talk about language itself.
baby talk
interestingly, all human language ada ‘motherese’. ngomong with high pitch, repeating phrases, very clear nada.
we do it to buat hewan.
localities of languange in brain
probably broca and wernicke.
wernickes more about comprehending, brocas more about producing.
any problem di broca ato wenicke ato hubungan antara keduanya, you get aphasia, misalnya broca’s aphasia.
aphasia is a broad neurological term for being unable to communicate effectively because of neurological hit.
animal gada kek broca sama wernicke, maybe cuman punya proto e.
limbic has something to do with this too. limbic has their own path buat comunicating.
how do we acquire language
ada chomsky dan skinner
skinner bilang yg klasik, you say A, positive enforcement, you learn A. no evidence
chomsky liat kita gk gitu, kita isa construct new sentences. kalo skinner bener, ini gk bisa terjadi
language dibangun sama yg muda
language dibangun sama yg muda, trus diturunin ke bawahnya. the older one will have harder time mempelajari hal tersebut. it’s just an observational fact.
language around the world macem2. ada yg egocentric, ada yang berdasarkan external landmark(misal utara south dkk)
only human yg bisa bohong
dog cannot lie.
kalo mereka takut, ya body mereka bakal send scared information. glands e mereka yang ada di tail, itu kek mulut e mereka. tempat pheromones keluar, tempat informasi keluar. jadi kalo mereka feel something and they want other to know, they rag their tail. kalo mereka gk mau yg lainya tau (misal ketmeu alpha male dan mereka feeling scared), they hide their tail between their legs. mreka kek gaisa buat gk ngomong, mereka bisa e nutup mulut e mereka.
a look at chimps
look at washoe chimps, veri cool, and koko gorilla with penny patterson.
trus ada terrace (yg ini human) yang eksperimen bareng chimp named nim. disini mereka mo take down the argument kalo chimp can do language. and he kinda succeded. soale dari apa yang dia dapet, these chimps gk punya ‘word order’, gapunya spontanitas(jadi harus di tanya baru dibales), dan mreka juga kinda wrong(kalo ditanya, jawabannya salah).
ada lagi kanzi the bonobos.