Suicide

#source/youtube#suicide

from death by shelly kagan

rationality and morality §

ada dua tolak ukur yang bisa dilakukan ketika diminta untuk membuat keputusan

• whether it’s rational
• whether it’s moral

contohnya, kalo ada purge, it’s rational to mencuri, but it’s gk moral. decide on that two knowledge

now let’s try to answer,

💡 decide whether it’s rational to do suicide, and decide whether it’s morally acceptable to do suicide

Rationality of Suicide §

two state requirement §

we have two option,

alive or dead

to say whether one is better than the other, you have to exist in both option.

kalo opsinya enakan indomi ato nasi goreng, you have to try both, and then you can decide whether one is better than the other.

kalo opsinya enakan mainan hp ato ngga, you have to try both. then you can decide whether one is better than the other.

to say that dead is better or worse than alive, dan kebalikannya, you have to try both.

but,

gada kesempatan dimana ‘kamu dead’, you are never beable to experience that.

so how come you say one is better than the other, kalo kamu gk pernah ngerasain kedua state?

💡 menurut two state requirement, it’s impossible to say alive is better or worse than dead

it goes deeper §

kalo kamu bilang ‘thank god aku gk mati tenggelam’, kamu juga cuman pernah ngerasain satu state, gk keduanya, so how come you say one is better than the other?

💡 karena two state kinda ridiculous kalo harus di apply, we throw it away. kek dari segi utility, it’s bad

we need another tolak ukur §

kita coba cara good vs bad.

• let’s go on a tangent for a little bit, hedonism
  di hedonism, you decide whether good ato jelek hidupnya dihitung dari pleasure yg kamu dapet. jdi kek
  $value=\sum T_{positive}\ast I_{positive}-\sum T_{negative}\ast I_{negative}$
  kalo valuemu positive, then, yay good kamu idup.
  kalo negative, then yodah kek a waste of your life

life as container §

idenya life itu container, trus kita isi, dan barulah kita tau whether mending idup ato ngga.

ada kurleb 3 biji

• neutral container
• gangerti namanya, pessimist lah, life is inherently suffering
• fantastic/modest container(gk ngerti, ini yg disebut sama lecturernya)

with this, there’s a powerful all answering, if statement

💡 if(this is global maxima of your sum of goodness) then suicide is rational

so you want to maximize your life sum of goodness or value

💡 caviat, we never know the future.

this graph show that you never know the future

so what should we do?

we use probability §

kalo kek 99.9% bakal kek di torture, 0.01% dapet kek kebahagiaan dunawi, what should you do?

well suicide makes sense.

Morality of Suicide §

first dirty argument §

“the instruction manual says, dont do suicide”

misalkan di bible ada kek

• jangan membunuh
• kalo anak sulung laki2, harus dibunuh

and then you agree on the first, but gk setuju sama yang kedua, on other word, you are pick and choose apa yang ada di bible.

bantahan first argument §

so at some point kamu dapet pertanyaan, ‘kenapa kamu merasa membunuh itu gaboleh?’ dan jawabanmu adalah “soalnya di bible kek gitu”, well that is not a valid argument. because based on permisalah di atas, the bible doesn’t give you answer, tapi yang kamu lakuin itu ‘kamu dah punya kek moral guidence, tros kon meleh mana yang mau kamu ambil dari this instruction manual.

second dirty argument §

see life as a gift. so the argument is, kamu dikasi life(sama siapapun atau apapun itu), so jadi you being grateful, or repay the gift, by keeping it.

bantahan second argument §

suppose ada seorang bully, yang ngasih kamu kek shitty food, and he says ‘eat it or ill beat you up’

suppose ada seorang baik, yang ngasih kamu good food, and he says ‘here’s for you man. but if sometime in the future dia jadi basi, yaudah buang aja, gausah dimakan’

well that food, is life. kalo life is not a gift, but you’ll get punished kalo suicide(kek go to hell), well then kamu dewe seh rasae bakal decide that mending aku makan that shitty food.

kalo emang life is gift, then it’s okay to suicide (kalo makanannya udah rotten).

so this argument, is inconclusive whether its okay to do suicide

Utilitarianism §

disini bagus buruk diliat hari consecuences. dilihat dari

💡 ‘producing as much happiness and menghindari as much misery buat semua orang (termasuk dirimu)’.

mari kita lihat suicide,

• kalo suicide produce more happiness buat semua orang, maybe suicide is good. contohe kek kon nge kill orang seng wes suffering terminally ill dan keluarga e berantakan karena keungan e ancur
• kalo suicide produce missery buat semua orang, then suicide is bad. contoh kek kon nge kill kek abraham lincoln

but kita gk sepenuhe utilitarian, action can have veri good consecuences, tapi kita merasa ini gk seharuse dilakuin

deontological perspective §

menurut deontological, people arent object. jadi gabisa sekadar buat fungsionalitas

there are other thing buat diconsider, selain dari concecuences

what is that other thing?

no harming innocent people §

is that orang innocent? kalo iya, then no.

trolley problem. yay. killing 1 innocent people, buat nyelametin let’s say 3 orang. or maybe 5 orang. or maybe 1000 orang. menurut deontological, then no, don’t sacrafice that 1 person

so how about suicide? well, im killing a person, and let’s say that person is innocent. so no, its gaboleh buat do suicide.

another case,

gimana kalo kakiku di amputasi, kalo gk it would kill me? well the doctor is harming me, so is it okay? so far the answer is no, but we can accept that answer.

we need to modify this principle,

what if it’s no harming innocent people overall

apa mksde? well kalo urusan diamputasi itu, we can say the doctor doesn’t harm him overall, yang bisa diukur pake kek if this then that else (kalo tak amputasi then he doesnt die, else he die). so yes, you can do it. kalo yg trolley problem, you harm that person overall, so no you cannot do it.

kalo suicide, well let’s say you have the rationality on your side (rationaly, mending suicide), so morally, if it doesn’t harm you overall(which make sense soale rationaly udah setuju), then it’s okay to do suicide

so, suicide can be morally okay, dari deontological perspective

principle of concent §

kalo aku mukul kamu, keknya morally gaboleh. tapi kalo boxing, boleh. kenapa? yaa ada concent.

well kalo suicide, aku ngasi concent diriku sendiri to kill myself.

well..

kalo aku ngasih kamu concent, to kill me, and you did kill me, is it okay? i dont think it’s okay

so should we throw this principle?

misal kek trolley problem shit, tros aku drop myself on the rail, to save 3 person. coba kalo kita bandingin sama aku throw another person. well, the first one looks good, seems morally awesome, phraiseworthy, tapi yg kedua seems wrong. apa bedae? yg kedua gada concent.

if we throw away concent priciple, if i sacrafice myself, that wouldn’t be heroic, that would be ‘im killing someone, im a murderer”

so we cannot throw away concent.

so we can create boundry, ‘if this that this that, then the principle of concent, itu boleh berlaku, then suicide is okay’

what is this that?

• competence(not under distress, and otak e wes jadi (gk kek arek cilik let’s say))
• sane
• there’s a good reason

so kalo aku waras, mikir mending aku mati, aku informed, aku wes ngasi waktu buat meker, emang ada good reason kenapa aku better of dead, so suicide, boleh.

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Conclusion §

💡 so suicide, can be rational, and can be morally acceptable

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note §

on kinship §

suicide lecture doesn’t address kinship. kalo buat trolley problem, you would kill 5 person maybe buat ngeselamatin 1 kin mu. which gk disentuh sama lecture suicide

well i guess, maybe emang gitu menurut suicide lecture. emang morally, you should kill that one person even though he is secara hubungan kekerabatan, lebih deket sama kamu